{"id":3575,"date":"2013-10-18T08:42:46","date_gmt":"2013-10-18T08:42:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arnistonalive.org.za\/history-geskiedenis"},"modified":"2024-12-13T18:23:43","modified_gmt":"2024-12-13T18:23:43","slug":"geskiedenis","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/arnistonalive.org.za\/af\/info\/geskiedenis","title":{"rendered":"Geskiedenis"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Geskiedenis<\/h1>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”About Us” _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”2.8px|0px|0|0px|false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”6px|||||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.4″ text_font=”Open Sans||||||||” text_line_height=”2em” header_2_font=”Gilda Display||||||||” header_2_font_size=”60px” header_2_line_height=”1.2em” hover_enabled=”0″ header_2_font_size_tablet=”40px” header_2_font_size_phone=”30px” header_2_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” z_index_tablet=”500″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}” sticky_enabled=”0″]<\/p>\n

Mense het meer as 2000 jaar gelede in die omgewing van Arniston \/ Waenhuiskrans gewoon. Skulphope, wat implemente van klip en die beendere van visse, robbe, voels, skilpaaie en klein diere bevat, is ‘n bewys van die mense se waarskynlik nomadiese verblyf in die omgewing. Skaapbeendere uit ‘n latere tydperk dui op besoeke van mense met ‘n lewenstyl wat minder nomadies, dus meer gevestig is. Ander artefakte suggereer dat daar van die sestiende eeu af dalk ‘n mate van kontak tussen die nomadiese Khoisan en die oorlewendes van skipbreuke was. Sewentiende-eeuse rekords dui daarop dat Khoekhoe-stamme met hulle vee soms vir kort rukkies in die strandveld naby die kus vertoef het.<\/p>\n

In die sewentiende eeu het Europese setlaars die Overberg begin verken en hulle vee in die omgewing laat wei. Teen 1708 het veeboere reeds weiregte verkry by Langefontein, die plaas waarop Bredasdorp 140 jaar later ontwikkel sou word. In 1815, toe die Arniston gestrand het, was daar ‘n aantal leenplase in die omstreke van wat vandag Arniston \/ Waenhuiskrans is. Teen daardie tyd het die nomadiese stamme meesal al uit die deel van die kus verdwyn. Die ses oorlewendes van die Arniston het teen die kus op gestap, tot by die Breerivier en terug, voordat Jan Swart, die seun van die boer op die plaas Elandsvallij, op hulle afgekom het. Hulle is per ossewa na Kaapstad geneem.<\/p>\n

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In 1838 is Arniston Downs, die leenplaas waarop Waenhuiskrans \/ Arniston later gevestig sou word, as vaste eiendom aan die vennootskap Reitz, van Breda en Joubert oorgedra. Dirk Uys het die plaas in 1880 gekoop. In 1894 het die broers Francis, Julian en John Pratt die eienaars geword. Teen daardie tyd was Arniston \/ Waenhuiskrans reeds ‘n vakansieplek. Die eerste bewys hiervan is ‘n inskrywing in H.W. van Breda van Zeekoegat se dagboek in 1860. Hy skryf dat hy sy huis by die see vir ‘n maand aan Thomas Uys verhuur het teen twee sjielings en ‘n sikspens, sodat Uys by Wagenhuiskrantz kan visvang.<\/p>\n

Teen 1850 het die eerste lede van die huidige vissersgemeenskap van Arniston \/ Waenhuiskrans hulle in die gebied begin vestig. Teen 1870 het die vyf oorspronklike gesinne al tot ‘n groter groep van dertig gesinne aangegroei. Die eerste opgetekende verwysing na hierdie vissersgemeenskap verskyn in 1868, toe H.W. van Breda in sy dagboek skryf dat hy oesterskulpe van James Murtz by Wagenhuiskrantz\u009d ontvang het in ruil vir kos. Dokumente van ‘n saak in die Kaapse Hooggeregshof in 1905 dui daarop dat vyf gesinne hulle kort na 1850 hier gevestig het. Mondelinge geskiedenisbronne meen die vyf oorspronklike gesinne in die nedersetting was van Swellendam afkomstig. Die vroegste lede van die vissersgemeenskap was na bewering afstammelinge van die Hessequa en van vrygemaakte slawe.<\/p>\n

In 1905 het die Pratt-broers beplan om ‘n vakansiedorp op hulle grond te ontwikkel en die vissersgemeenskap te verskuif. Die vissersgemeenskap het hulle teruggesit. Met behulp van ‘n inwoner van Bredasdorp, ene Roos, het hulle regsadvies van ‘n prokureur in Caledon ingewin en ‘n versoekskrif by die Kaapse goewerneur-generaal ingedien. ‘n Regter in die Kaapse Hooggeregshof het die partye beveel om ‘n skikking te oorweeg. Die uiteinde was ‘n ooreenkoms wat bepaal het dat die vissersgemeenskap die grond van die hedendaagse historiese vissersdorp teen die nominale bedrag van een sjieling sou koop. Die vyf gesinne wat hulle eerste in die gebied gevestig het, het elkeen ‘n erf in die nuwe dorpsontwikkeling ontvang. Daar is aanvaar dat Jan Hopie, Piet Maritz, George Murtz, Hendrik Newman en Michiel Dyers almal in 1905 reeds meer as 50 jaar lank in die omgewing gewoon het.<\/p>\n

Voor 1905 het die vissermanne van vandag se Romanstrand, wat toe Oubaai genoem is, van wal gesteek. Hulle het meestal in huise gewoon wat versprei was deur wat vandag bekend staan as die Ou Dorp. Na die 1905-ooreenkoms het hulle stelselmatig na die huidige vissersdorp begin skuif. Hulle het begin om die deel van die strand te gebruik waar die hawe tans gelee is en hulle het in klein seilskepe uitgevaar. Die vissermanne het net visgevang waar hulle van die strand af gesien sou kon word. Sodra die eerste seil gespan is na ‘n dag se visvang, het die resies terug na die hawegebied toe gewoonlik begin. Hoe langer jy gevang het, hoe groter was jou vangs, maar die eerste boot wat aan wal gaan, het die grootste moontlikheid gehad om sy hele vangs te verkoop. Die eerste gemotoriseerde vaartuie het in die laat 1920’s verskyn. Die skeepshelling is in 1936 gebou.<\/p>\n

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In 1922 is Arniston \/ Waenhuiskrans tot ‘n dorp verklaar. Beduidende toenames in die dorp se grootte het in 1936, 1967, 1974 en 1989 voorgekom. Die twee name wat vir die dorp gebruik word, Arniston en Waenhuiskrans, het in 1981 die amptelike dorpname geword. Hierdie is die enigste dorp in Suid-Afrika met twee name. Arniston \/ Waenhuiskrans het in 1996 deel geword van die Kaap Agulhas Munisipaliteit.<\/h3>\n

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Die Vissersunie het in 1932 tot stand gekom met die doel om die Kassiesbaai-vissersdorp te bestuur. Walter Jeppe was deurslaggewend vir die stigting van die Unie. Hy was ook die eerste sekretaris en het toegesien dat die Vissersuniesaal gebou word.<\/h3>\n

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Teen 1970 het die historiese vissersdorp reeds ernstig agteruitgegaan. Die plaaslike regering het beoog om die dorpie te verskuif. Die oenskynlike rede daarvoor was agteruitgang en ‘n groot agterstand op die betaling van eiendomsbelasting. Bewaringsgesindes het geld ingesamel om die uitstaande belasting te betaal en die dorpie te vernuwe. In 1984 is dit tot ‘n nasionale erfenisterrein verklaar. Die Waenhuiskrans Kultuurlandskap is in 2003 as ‘n Graad 1 Nasionale Erfenislandskap geklassifiseer.<\/p>\n

Waenhuiskrans \/ Arniston is omring deur vlaktes wat nou geleidelik gekonsolideer word sodat dit deel sal uitmaak van ‘n bewaringsgebied wat van Kaap Agulhas tot by Kaap Infanta sal strek. Hierdie bewaringsgebied sal die byna 36 000 hektaar van De Hoop insluit, waar Krygkor in 1984 ‘n missieltoetsbaan opgerig het. ‘n Mariene reservaat wat twaalf kilometer die see in strek, is in 1986 in die lewe geroep.<\/p>\n

Die suidelikste punt van Afrika staan al sedert 1502 bekend as Kaap Agulhas. Hierdie is die deel van die Suider-Afrikaanse kuslyn met die meeste skeepswrakke. Baie plekke in hierdie gebied is vernoem na skepe wat vergaan het, byvoorbeeld Zoetendalsvlei (vernoem na die skipbreuk van die Zoetendal in 1673), Arniston (vernoem na die Arniston, wat in 1815 gestrand het), Ryspunt (vernoem na die Wegtenshire, wat in 1885 gesink het met ‘n vrag rys aan boord), Skipskop (vernoem na die Maid of Thames), Marthaspunt, Schoonbergbaai, St Mungobaai, Olterbaai, Celtbaai en die Miles Barton-rif.<\/p>\n

Om ‘n geskiedenis van die skipbreuk van die Arniston te lees, KLIK HIER.<\/p>\n

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Bronne<\/h1>\n

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Dokumente uit die Suid-Afrikaanse Argief in Kaapstad, asook dokumente uit die argiewe van die Kaap Agulhas Munisipaliteit, die Overberg Distriksmunisipaliteit en die landdroshof in Bredasdorp.<\/p>\n

Dokumente en foto’s in besit van en mededelings deur Ferdi Spamer; D. Sleigh – Die Buiteposte (Protea Boekhuis, 2004); J. Parkington – Shorelines, Strandlopers and Shell Middens (Publication @ Krakadouw Trust, 2006).<\/p>\n

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Besoek Arniston<\/h2>\n

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